About the existence of Castelluccio in pre-Roman times there is no certain and documented information.

It is known, however, that in its territory, in the locality Sterparo on the border with the countryside of Bovino, stood in remote times a very important place of worship, witnessed by the discovery of numerous steles (stone slabs embedded in the ground, decorated with stylized female or male figures), some of which are kept in the Museo civico di Bovino.

In Roman times, however, some scholars believe they identify the country with "the oppidolum" (village) of which the great poet Horace speaks (65-8 b.c.) in his Fifth Satire.
Horace used to stop there to spend the night during his travels from Rome to Brindisi (where he boarded for Greece and vice versa). This village was crossed by the Appian Way and was known for the source of May. The great Latin poet states that the waters of this spring, after the winter rains was at the peak of its surrender in the month of May, were almost miraculous for those who suffered from pain in the body and abdomen.

Those who suffered from it, in fact, after drinking the water of this oppidulum" soon felt lightness and regained well-being, Even bread with this water acquired value.
At the beginning of their conquest (around the year 1000), which culminated with the unification of southern Italy by Roger II , the Norman lords (men of the North), built "castra" small fortified rural settlements,which were numerous in the sub-Apennine hills. These settlements aimed first of all to gather the peasants for the cultivation and enhancement of the territory and also to provide the noble power, first of all military, a fortified base.

When the Normans conquered settlements of Byzantine origin ( and Castelluccio must have been one of these because of the "Saurorum" (of the Saurians) probably repopulated by a core of Isaurian cavalry (named after the Byzantine emperor Leo III, the Isaurian), are still present and have this origin). The first certain document of the existence of the town dates back to 1118, the year in which Count Roberto II of Loretello (humble village of Molise) made a gift to the Chapter of the Church of Bovino. Under the Swabian domination of Frederick II, the village became a "masseria" regia (agricultural and pastoral production unit).
After the death of Frederick II and the end of his dynasty, in 12 73 the fief of Castelluccio dei Sauri was assigned to Hugh of Brienne, Count of Lecce and Duke of Athens. In 1324 King Robert of Anjou confirmed the donation of the Casale of Castelluccio degli Schiavi to the Bovinese Chapter. From 1390 the country entered a phase of decline, which led to complete depopulation in the period from 1415 to 1446. Later, as we have already said, it was repopulated by 60 families of Albanians and returned to live, although in 1549 because of the violent nature of its inhabitants, on the order of Viceroy Peter of Toledo, the house was burned together with others.

The Albanians brought with them the Greek Orthodox rite, practiced in the church of San Giorgio (probably the current chapel of San Gerardo), while the locals went to the church of Santa Maria (probably a pre-existing chapel to the current church of Our Lady of Grazje). In 1564 Giovanni Guevara, lord of Bovino, bought the fief of Castelluccio dei Sauri from the hands of Fabrizio Mormile, which is part of the feudal state of Guevara until 1860 date of birth of the Kingdom of Italy.

In the first decade of the century the country was very different. In fact, the roads were not paved and there was very little traffic: the cars were almost non-existent: the carts were pulled by horses, very few bicycles, many donkeys and mules. Pedestrians could chat and stroll along the streets. The houses were poor, only one floor; there was plenty of space for children’s games. Shops were few and amenities were scarce. For education there was only elementary school, after the world wars broke out, during which many soldiers died or were declared missing. For this reason, many decided to leave in search of work. There was emigration to America, Germany, Switzerland, Milan, Turin and Prato. The country emptied suddenly.

But after a few years they began to build multi-storey houses, paved roads, new schools, public buildings and many shops. The emigrants sent their savings and everyone in the country began to live better, everyone did something to make the town more beautiful and welcoming. Unfortunately after a few years and precisely on November 23, 1980, there was the earthquake.

All the oldest buildings suffered damage; even the parish church of San Salvatore was closed because it was declared unsafe Immediately after, however, began the reconstruction of the village: many houses were rebuilt, others renovated; the square was rebuilt, moved the war memorial, were built large multi-storey apartment buildings, the state kindergarten and the middle school had their own buildings, was built a new town hall and renovated the old. Now there is also a bank, the sports field, the tennis court, a beautiful grove, the polyclinic, the children’s garden.
Also on 8 August 1992 was reopened to worship the church of S.S. Salvatore and in May 1994 was inaugurated the Hippodrome , a huge facility that covers an area of forty-five hectares, with a playground for children, a restaurant and ample parking.